Stumbling on 人名用漢字

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Zgarbas Watchman
From: 名古屋 Registered: 2011-10-09 Posts: 1210 Website

So I was reading 約束をされた場所で and I realized that despite practicing them for quite a bit, I can't read names for the life of me. Of course, there's rote memorization (exposure works with common names)...but I was wondering; given how common it is for unusual/original readings to pop up in names, as well as multiple readings for the same names (上田 can be both じょうだ and うえだ, to give an example), how do Japanese people handle it? I'd assumed there'd be furigana/注 for the first time you encounter a name, especially a fictitious one. Do you just go with whatever reading sounds right until proven otherwise?

thurd Member
From: Poland Registered: 2009-04-07 Posts: 756

Zgarbas wrote:

given how common it is for unusual/original readings to pop up in names, as well as multiple readings for the same names (上田 can be both じょうだ and うえだ, to give an example), how do Japanese people handle it?

I think they'd just make the same mistake as you (or make a better guess due to familiarity/popularity of some options but still).
In one drama I saw a situation where a character was fired from her job (news caster i think) because she made a mistake when reading a name, the issue here was that it was an important and known person and such knowledge was assumed in her position.

yudantaiteki Member
Registered: 2009-10-03 Posts: 3619

You can never be 100% sure if there's no furigana, but native speakers have the advantage of having heard hundreds (probably thousands) of names during their life so they have some idea of which ones are more common than others.  For instance, 上田 is going to be うえだ almost all the time.  Family names in general are much, much easier to read than personal names.

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chamcham Member
Registered: 2005-11-11 Posts: 1444

Spreadsheet of the top 500 most common names in Japanese:
http://www.japanese-name-translation.co … _names.xls

If you want to make an Anki deck with real names, D-addicts has a comprehensive list of Japanese
actors, actresses, singer, producers, directors, and writers.

http://wiki.d-addicts.com/Category:JActor
http://wiki.d-addicts.com/Category:JActress
http://wiki.d-addicts.com/Category:JSinger
http://wiki.d-addicts.com/Category:JProducer
http://wiki.d-addicts.com/Category:JDirector
http://wiki.d-addicts.com/Category:JWriter

That might be a fun group project to do and then share as an Anki deck.

Last edited by chamcham (2013 January 03, 6:48 am)

Umikuma Member
From: Utah Registered: 2007-11-18 Posts: 51

When I was in Japan I would always ask how to write a name I didn't yet know - no one was ever offended. On meishi one will sometimes see furigana or the like for an unusual name. Generally one makes a best guess on reading a name - again, no one found that offensive and they would correct me if I misread the name or if it had an unusual reading - for instance, Hasegawa (長谷川). I believe my attempt, the first time I saw it, was Nagatanigawa.

This was back in the 1970s and what I found most of the time was that people were simply astounded that this gaijin was reading and writing kanji and were delighted to help.

I started with a sort of proto Heisig - the book "Read Japanese Today" by Len Walsh, so I had a couple of hundred kanji more or less down when I landed in Japan and an understanding of how to analyze new ones I ran into.

Zgarbas Watchman
From: 名古屋 Registered: 2011-10-09 Posts: 1210 Website

chamcham wrote:

Spreadsheet of the top 500 most common names in Japanese:
http://www.japanese-name-translation.co … _names.xls

If you want to make an Anki deck with real names, D-addicts has a comprehensive list of Japanese
actors, actresses, singer, producers, directors, and writers..

I actually have such a deck already, though it's low priority (so as to get accustomed to seeing names, and recognizing a couple, but I'm at a level where I should focus on more practical aspects for now). Thank you anyway ^^

But still, I don't know how much familiarity would help. Sure, the most X (hundreds? a thousand?) common names would be easy, but there's thousands of names out there. Especially in fiction, I figured it would make sense to aid the reader somewhat. As a foreigner I guess I'd be cut some slack IRL, but that goes for everything I think ^^'.

chamcham Member
Registered: 2005-11-11 Posts: 1444

Zgarbas wrote:

chamcham wrote:

Spreadsheet of the top 500 most common names in Japanese:
http://www.japanese-name-translation.co … _names.xls

If you want to make an Anki deck with real names, D-addicts has a comprehensive list of Japanese
actors, actresses, singer, producers, directors, and writers..

I actually have such a deck already, though it's low priority (so as to get accustomed to seeing names, and recognizing a couple, but I'm at a level where I should focus on more practical aspects for now). Thank you anyway ^^

But still, I don't know how much familiarity would help. Sure, the most X (hundreds? a thousand?) common names would be easy, but there's thousands of names out there. Especially in fiction, I figured it would make sense to aid the reader somewhat. As a foreigner I guess I'd be cut some slack IRL, but that goes for everything I think ^^'.

Not sure if you looked at the spreadsheet. But it lists many readings for a given kanji name. So for 上田, it has "Ageda,Ueda,Kamida,Jouda". And they are all acceptable names.
The list is actually based on the frequency of names of people in 70% of the households in Japan. So they do match well with reality. They even have an extended list of the top 10,000 names using data that is current up to 2012.

The most common surname (佐藤) is used in 474,558 households.
The rarest (帷子) is used in only 183 households.

I would say that common names would be a good first start.
Then, just pick up rare names as you see them.

In addition, even if you're using the wrong name while reading a novel, as long as you're consistent, it's not a problem. Japanese love ambiguity.

Also, if the book is popular enough, search some websites and try to find the characters names.

bertoni Member
From: Mountain View, CA, USA Registered: 2009-11-08 Posts: 291

I could find some time to work on an Anki deck for the spread sheet.

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