When I was first memorizing the traditional 214 radicals, I associated each radical with the names used in the CJK and Kangxi radical Unicode blocks. However some radicals have fairly artificial names (西 = WEST TWO) and some don't match the common Japanese names (糸 = SILK).

Many RTK primitives have more than one name, some have made up meanings, and a few of the traditional radicals aren't given names at all.

Does anyone know a list that would correspond more closely to the common meanings or Japanese names of radicals? Is there something like a list of literal translations for the Japanese names?

I'm looking for specifically unique translations because I'd be using them on some kanji lists.

You're not going to want literal translations of radical names. Outside of the most common 20-30 they get real finicky real fast, and their names change based on position.

You brought up 糸, but as the name of a radical it's always called いとへん when it's on the left side. It's very common to have name of element + position in the name of the radical.

All of the radical translations I've seen don't really account for that. You'd be better off learning the general meanings of the kanji they're derived from along with the actual real Japanese name for them.