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Best thing to do is do a lot of vocab cards,reading and just keep listening/reading to different media sources. And eventually but not right off the bat, you will gain more understanding through listening(listening skills increasing). It takes some time, but you will get to the point of basically understanding almost everything you hear. It's all a matter of learning more and more until you reach a phase where you can understand through purely audio, almost everything you hear. Sometimes there isn't really a direct guide to 100% listening skills, it's more about experimenting and finding your maximum learning styles, so that you may continue learning more and more.
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Just a quick thought: I like most of AJATT's concepts, but disagree with the claim, that children learn simply by sitting in the corner and hearing stuff.
In reality, healthy and lucky babies, that become good pupils are treated like little princes/princesses and everybody in the family jumps around them trying to make them say simple words, like "mama" or "papa". Gradually longer terms and phrases are added, usually containing the first learned sounds (mama).
While I'm convinced that it's a mistake to talk to children in "baby language", as if they were totally retarded (unfortunately very common) – because it makes it impossible for children to actually learn real language – I do think the small portions, the patience and the exeggarated praise do their job.
As we all know, the less love children get, the more problems they will have with basic stuff like reading and writing. But there is nobody who does this for us. Nobody hugs us for every correct word, so the reward/dopamine shot isn't anywhere near what these little superstars called babies get from their surrounding.
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What exactly do you mean by "severe problems with speaking"?
(Do people raised in orphanages not speak as well?)
Edited: 2010-11-02, 5:20 pm
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I'm sure it's great for many other reasons, but I really doubt that the baby talk and exaggerated praise makes any significant difference in language development for a normal kid who grows up with plenty of language exposure and people to interact with. A kid brought up by wolves is another story.
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As usual I have to be careful to explain myself better. The data on children acquiring language regardless of love/care has to do only with language *acquisition* (i.e. the grammar and vocabulary). People who cuss a lot or don't speak the educated dialect have still acquired language, and can still use the same grammatical structures as other native speakers and probably have pretty significant vocabularies. They just don't use language as well.