@Tykkylumi
I didn't read others' posts, so some of the following must be redundant. But here goes the long list:
Quote:1. How did you get there? (I'm pretty sure my sensei wants us to use the word 'どうやって' but that's as far as I've gotten.)
How about "どうやってそこに行きましたか。"?
Quote:2. Who did you go with? (だれといきましたか？ Maybe? My Japanese is so terrible -_-)
だれといきましたか is fine.
Quote:3. I will have to be absent from class tomorrow.
If this is part of the <Illness> section and the speaker is talking to his teacher, how about "明日授業をお休みしたいのですが。" (あしたじゅぎょうをおやすみしたいのですが)? Alternatively, you can say, "明日の授業をお休みさせていただいても宜しいでしょうか。 (あすのじゅぎょうをおやすみさせていただいてもよろしいでしょうか)". If you have to use specific words, phrases or sentence structure, it would be nice if you post them so we can stick to your teacher's instruction.
Quote:4. Because of a cold I was absent from school yesterday.
How about "昨日風邪で学校を休みました。" (きのうかせでがっこうをやすみました)?
Quote:5. Because of work I will be returning home late tonight.
You can say, "今日は仕事で遅くなります。" (きょうはしごとでおそくなります).
Quote:6. I'll stay at home because I'm busy.
Since you don't give any context whatsoever, does this work for the context you have on your mind? "やらなければならないことがたくさんありますので家にいます。"（家 is いえ here）
The following is the list of errors I caught in your translations:
Quote:7. I'm good at swimming.
すいえい が じょうず です。
This makes sense. But 得意 (とくい) would be better, e.g., 水泳が得意です (すいえいがとくいです) and 泳ぎが得意です (およぎがとくいです). Your translation would work better if you're cocky or bragging about though.
Quote:8. I'm not good at playing the piano.
ピアノ を ひくこと が じょうずではありません。
I can understand what you're trying to say, but in normal context native speakers would say ピアノは苦手です (ピアノはにがてです), ピアノが上手に弾けません (ぴあのがじょうずにひけません) or something along those lines.
Quote:9. Do you understand English?
えいご が わかります か。
If you're trying to carry the rude tone that some may find in the English sentence when said in the wrong way, you did a fantastic job. If you have to use わかる no matter what, you might want to alleviate the condescending tone by being polite, e.g., 英語をおわかりになりますか (英語 is えいご). If it's ok not to use it, you can simply say, "英語を話せますか。" (えいごをはなせますか).
Quote:11. Mr Satou doesn't study English very much.
さとうさん は あまり えいご の べんきょう を しません。
あまり英語を勉強しません (あまりえいごをべんきょうしません) would be better.
Quote:13. How often do you play tennis per week?
いっしゅうかんに、どの ぐらい テニス を します。
If you're mimicking colloquial language, it's better to use question mark "?" with this kind of wording. But something tells me using 〜しますか。would make your teacher happier.
Quote:14. How many hours do you listen to the Japanese tape each day?
いちにちに どの ぐらい にほんご の テープ を ききます か。
Some may say どのぐらい should read 何時間 (なんじかん), methinks. By the same token:
Quote:15. How many times do you travel per year?
いちねんに、どの ぐらい りょこう を します か。
you might want to use 何回 (なんかい).
Quote:16. How often do you watch films each month?
いかげつに どの ぐらい えいが を みます か。
It should read いっかげつ. You're supposed to pronounce the consonant "k" longer.
Quote:1. I want to have a hot drink.
あつい のみもの を のみたい です。
That kind of sounds like you mean "I want a really hot drink." In normal context, it'd be better to say 温かい飲み物が欲しいです。 (あたたかいのみものがほしいです), 温かい物が飲みたいです。 (あたたかいものがのみたいです) or something along those lines.
Also, some might find the kind of wording like 飲み物を飲みたい unpleasant. You can ***** those anal pedants though.
Quote:4. I want to go by taxi.
タクシーで のりたい です。
タクシーで行きたいです。(行 is い) or タクシーを使いたいです (使 is つか) is better. If you're supposed to use 乗りたい (のりたい) here, at least use に instead of で so it reads タクシーに乗りたいです. This can work in some context as a translation of "I want to go by taxi".
Quote:6. I don't want to drink sake.
さけ を のみたくない です。
お酒 (おさけ) might be slightly better because this version matches the overall tone of the rest of the sentence better in a wider range of context. 酒 without お also works in many contexts though.
Quote:7. Do you know Hanoko?
はのこさん を しっています か。
Are you sure it's not Hanako?
Quote:8. I know a good Japanese restaurant.
いい にほん の レストラン を しっています。
日本のレストラン sounds like it's a Japanese franchise or something like that. If by "Japanese restaurant" you mean the kind of restaurant where Japanese foods are surved, which I think is what the original English sentence usually means, you can say 日本食のいいお店を知っています。 (にほんしょくのいいおみせをしっています), 美味しい日本食が食べられるところを知っています。 (おいしいにほんしょくがたべられるところをしっています), いい和風レストランを知っています。 (いいわふうれすとらんをしっています) and so on. The second example used 美味しい because that's the most likely meaning in normal context. It's like how "good" is usually translated as 美味しい in an exercise and whatnot like this:
A: Nom nom nom. (モグモグ)
B: Do you like it? (どう？)
A: Yeah. It's good. (美味しいよ)
Technically the last one can mean "It's not rotten. It's perfectly edible." But I don't think your teacher likes a smartass very much.
Quote:2. How long does it take?
どの ぐらい かかります。
The same as the tennis sentence.
Quote:3. How do you get to the station?
どうやって えき に いきます か。
This is fine, for example, if you're literally asking the means (e.g., by car or by walk) the listener is going to use. There are many more situations where this sounds perfectly natural. But reading other examples in this section, I kind of feel like you're asking for directions. If that's the case, it should be something along the line of 駅へはどうやって行けば良いですか。(えきへはどうやっていけばよいですか).
Quote:5. Please turn left at the second intersection.
ふたつめ の こうさてん を ひだり を まがっています。
ひだりを should read ひだりへ. And います should be ください.
Quote:6. Please stop after that traffic light.
その しんごう の まえ で とめてください。
まえ should read むこう.
Quote:2.I have a little headache.
あたま が すこし いたい です。
軽い頭痛がします。（かるいずつうがします）might be better, for example. 頭が少し痛みます is also good. Your translation is all right too, but it may sound like the speaker is a kid trying to use formal language or you mean you're in an annoying or difficult situation. By the same token,
Quote:3. I don't feel well.
きぶん が わるい です。
this might better worded as 気分がすぐれません. Your version is ok, but it tends to mean you're offended or disgusted. A synonymous phrase 気持ちが悪い is also like that. You're using an expression that doesn't go very well with formal and polite grammar without clear context, so it's easy to be understood as figurative. Of course, everyone understands you if you look pale.
Quote:3. I don't go shopping because I don't have money.
おかね が ありません から、かいもの を しません。
I'm not sure, but the kind of translation your teacher wants may be a more neutral one like お金が無いので買い物には行きません。(おかねがないのでかいものにはいきません).
Quote:2. Please write in kanji.
かんじ を かいてください。
を should read で.
Quote:3. Please use these chopsticks.
おはし を つけてください。
Do you mean このお箸を使って下さい。 (このおはしをつかってください)?
Quote:5. Please do not smoke in the room.
へや に とばこ を すわないでください。
Do you mean 部屋でたばこを〜 (へやでたばこを〜) ?
Quote:6. Please do not drink coffee here.
ここ に コーヒー を のまないでください。
に should read で.
Quote:2. May I use this pen?
ペン を つかって も いい です か。
This is perfectly fine in most cases like the pen is right there and you're going to use it right now. But probably you can avoid getting marked off by simply putting この before ペン.
