SammyB Wrote:Adding のですか (often shortened to んですか or just の) to a question invites explanation and further clarification from the person you are asking.
So あなたは何の勉強をしていますか is simply "what are you studying?"
but あなたは何の勉強をしているのですか is a bit like "what are you studying? (please tell me all about it, I'd like to know)". It's hard to translate the nuance into english...
This is a pretty interesting grammar pattern I think. I learned it as SammyB described it, and the book I was using described it as an 'extended predicate.'
However, later I read an explanation from a Professor of Japanese Literature at Harvard, Jay Rubin, who has a pretty interesting take on the の thing. の probably came about as a short form of もの and it's just sort of a filler noun. When we use の at the end of a sentence like that, really, the の is being modified by the entire rest of the sentence, just as any other noun could be.
Take the sentence:
昨日、東京で買った本だ。
(It's the book that I bought in Tokyo yesterday.)
Here, 昨日、東京で買った is all being used to describe the book. So, the book is being modified by the whole rest of the sentence. The same thing is happening to the の at the end of a sentence.
So, in the above example あなたは何の勉強をしている is all just describing the の. However, の can only really be translated as "it," "the thing," "one," "the one," or things along those line. So, here 'it' is all being modified by "what it is that you're studying." So in English it would be "What is it that you're studying?" ('that you're studying' is modifying the 'it')
In English too, "What is it that you are studying" sounds more pressing, specific, and interested than "What are you studying?" So that's the feeling that の conveys here.
Edited: 2009-04-17, 2:28 am