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How would you recommend starting Chinese?

#26
nest0r Wrote:.... Google for the torrent of Stardict dictionaries, as they took the good ones off the sourceforge site... don't know how long the seeds will last.
Yes, download them ASAP. We all know about the "here today, gone tomorrow" nature of the Internet. It's so fickle.

But I don't know why they took the dictionaries off the sourceforge site.
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#27
Thanks for the link !
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#28
I've been contemplating changing from Japanese to Mandarin, and I'm really worried about pronounciation and listening. A girl I Skype with tried to teach me how to say "Fuzhou" which is her hometown, and I couldn't get the "zhou" down which made me frustrated and I felt really sorry for her. I'm sure with serious study I can start to grasp it, but I am sure it won't be easy.
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#29
TheVinster,

The Mandarin 'zh' initial is one of the hardest sounds for native English speakers to learn, because it doesn't exist in English. I'd be surprised if you could learn to say it right without being taught by someone who knows how to describe it to you. It's called a retroflex (retro=back, flex=curl) consonant (along with 'sh' 'ch' and 'r'), and is pronounced like a 'j' but with the tongue curled back in the mouth. The difference between pinyin 'j' and 'zh' is that the 'j' is pronounced with the tip of the tongue further forward in the mouth, almost to the teeth (probably further forward than where you articulate 'j' in English). Once you've heard the two sounds contrasted, you'll notice a difference, but to someone who doesn't know there's a difference (most English speakers), they both just sound like 'j.'

You'll find that this is why there's a "zhou" but not a "jou" in Mandarin. A 'j' (also 'x' or 'q,' all called palatals because the tongue is on the hard palate) will always be followed by an 'i' or a 'ü' sound (although the umlaut mark is usually omitted), because the tongue is already far forward in the mouth where it needs to be to make those sounds. A 'zh' (also 'r' 'zh' and 'sh,' all called retroflex because the tongue is curled back) will never be followed by a 'ü,' and when it is followed by an 'i' it is pronounced like "zhr" because the tongue stays in its retroflex position throughout the entire syllable. Similarly, a 'z' (also 'c' and 's,' all called dentals because the tongue is on the teeth) followed by an 'i' will be pronounced like "dzzzzz" because the tongue is already against the front teeth.

Distinguishing palatals from retroflexes is tough at first, but it gets easy with a little practice if you pay attention closely. Those few guidelines will help you in the meantime until you can distinguish the differences easily, because you'll never accidentally transcribe something as "zhiao" when it should be "jiao" or as "shing" when it should be "xing." "Zhiao" and "shing" can't exist in Mandarin because of how the phonetic system works.

I'll recommend again the FSI link I posted on the previous page. Spend a few days on that Pronunciation and Romanization module and you won't have to worry too much about pronunciation anymore.

Hopefully that helps and isn't too much info. Big Grin
Edited: 2010-04-10, 1:11 am
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#30
Oh wait, this is much simpler. I should have just linked to the damn Pinyin Pirate in the first place. :lol:
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#31
I listened to the first FSI tape and was very impressed. I was able to recognize the different tones pretty easily by the end of the first lesson. I suppose the speakers were speaking extra-slowly and clearly for our benefit, but even so I found it very useful. My only complaint was that I couldn't find whatever illustrations were referenced on the tape. The workbook on the site didn't correspond to the exercises on the tape. Perhaps I was looking at the wrong workbook.

Also, I've found lots of diagrams of tones, but can anyone point me to one that approximates the range in musical terms? Is the difference between the high and low tone an octave, for example? I read music and play various instruments, and I sing, so a visual guide to the "music" of Chinese might help me.

Finally, which is more useful, Mandarin or Cantonese? I've only been to China and Hong Kong once, but I do encounter Chinese folks all the time here in the US. My primary interest is in reading the language, but of course I'd like to understand and speak as well. Actually, my primary interest until now has been in learning to read Japanese, but working through RTK 1 has stimulated my interest in studying Chinese as well. Anyway, which dialect is best to learn if one's primary interest is in reading?
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#32
Groot Wrote:I listened to the first FSI tape and was very impressed. I was able to recognize the different tones pretty easily by the end of the first lesson. I suppose the speakers were speaking extra-slowly and clearly for our benefit, but even so I found it very useful. My only complaint was that I couldn't find whatever illustrations were referenced on the tape. The workbook on the site didn't correspond to the exercises on the tape. Perhaps I was looking at the wrong workbook.
I don't remember there being any discrepancy between the tape and the workbook. You're using the Resource Module PDF, right? The title page should say "Standard Chinese: A Modular Approach. Resource Modules: Pronunciation and Romanization, Numbers, Classroom Expressions, Time and Dates."

Quote:Also, I've found lots of diagrams of tones, but can anyone point me to one that approximates the range in musical terms? Is the difference between the high and low tone an octave, for example? I read music and play various instruments, and I sing, so a visual guide to the "music" of Chinese might help me.
As a fellow musician, I'm inclined to say "just use your ears." Wink However, I will say that the exact pitch of the tones will depend on context: sentence intonation, relationship to other tones before and after, stress or lack thereof on that particular word/syllable, etc. So...just use your ears. Big Grin

Quote:Finally, which is more useful, Mandarin or Cantonese? I've only been to China and Hong Kong once, but I do encounter Chinese folks all the time here in the US. My primary interest is in reading the language, but of course I'd like to understand and speak as well. Actually, my primary interest until now has been in learning to read Japanese, but working through RTK 1 has stimulated my interest in studying Chinese as well. Anyway, which dialect is best to learn if one's primary interest is in reading?
Unless you have a specific reason to learn Cantonese, you ought to learn Mandarin, IMO. It is the official language of both the PRC and Taiwan. Cantonese is spoken in southern China and in Hong Kong, but most people will also understand Mandarin, since Mandarin is the language of education throughout China (but not Hong Kong), regardless of the local language. Not only that, but also remember that standard written Chinese is largely based on Mandarin. Cantonese can also be written down, but unless you want to limit yourself severely in your reading options, you'll have to learn the standard written language as well. This means that in effect you'll be learning two languages at once, since Cantonese and Mandarin (and by extension, written Chinese) are so different from each other.

A better option is to learn Mandarin first, and then later learn Cantonese. It seems to be easier to go in that direction, because you'll already have the writing out of the way and will just need to learn the spoken language. Written Cantonese shouldn't be too much of a stretch to understand by that point, without much extra effort required. Keep in mind too that most US universities (maybe most others, too) that teach Cantonese at all require you to have a solid foundation (usually 2-3 years) of Mandarin before you can take Cantonese courses.
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#33
Many thanks for your detailed response. Indeed, I was looking at the wrong PDF file. I found the right one. Smile

Thanks also for the advice on tones, and on Mandarin. Very helpful.

Edit: On the "musical" aspect of tones, at least would you say that the difference between the high tone and low tone can be as much as an octave? That's really a big difference! I know singers with a smaller range than that. Smile
Edited: 2010-04-13, 10:08 pm
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#34
@Groot - Might find this interesting: http://www.usatoday.com/tech/columnist/a...rise_x.htm
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#35
Groot Wrote:Many thanks for your detailed response. Indeed, I was looking at the wrong PDF file. I found the right one. Smile

Thanks also for the advice on tones, and on Mandarin. Very helpful.

Edit: On the "musical" aspect of tones, at least would you say that the difference between the high tone and low tone can be as much as an octave? That's really a big difference! I know singers with a smaller range than that. Smile
Well, there is a difference between a person's "singing voice" and their "speaking voice." But I would say that yes, there could be as much as an octave difference in some cases (especially when intentionally speaking very clearly). Generally the descriptions given in textbooks are something like "first tone is near the top of the speaking register, while third tone is near the bottom." The large range will likely be uncomfortable at first, but you'll get used to it.

nest0r, I find some issue with that article. There is much dispute over whether tone deafness even exists, or if it is just a lack of exposure/training. From what I understand from my time studying music in college, from talking to my professors who specialized in ear training, and from my wife who is a music educator herself, many cases of so-called tone deafness have been "cured" with a bit of ear training. Everyone can distinguish a very high note from a very low note. The trick is getting them to distinguish smaller intervals, which is just a matter of degree.
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#36
I agree and am a 'proponent' of ear training (see past random comments on the topic esp. as regards music+SRS and listening practice), though I'm not ruling out physiological, negative influences on sound processing, and doesn't this support the point of the article? ^_^ Which I took to be that in Chinese, the intervals or whatnot are coarser, plus you have context, so it's not a big deal to learn even if you have a worry about learning tones. Apparently that article got other aspects and little nitpicky things wrong about Chinese as well, but it's just a brief bit in USA Today, so who cares. ;p

Also, tangent found via another blog: http://web.uvic.ca/ling/students/graduat...an_Gao.pdf

More on domain-general overlaps with language-specific auditory processing: http://cns.northwestern.edu/pubs/pdfs/ARO_2007.pdf

Also (posted in this thread: http://forum.koohii.com/viewtopic.php?id=4011) - http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/200...142857.htm
http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20...tions.html

Mentioned in another comment: http://scienceblogs.com/cognitivedaily/2...nality.php
http://scienceblogs.com/cognitivedaily/2...xpress.php
Edited: 2010-04-13, 11:27 pm
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#37
I'm not learning Chinese, but I came across this frequency list during my research and thought it might come in handy for someone:

Top 10,000 Characters:
http://lingua.mtsu.edu/chinese-computing...p?Which=MO

Cheerio!
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#38
For the musical equivalent of tones, I would suggest something in the region of a sixth between low and high. From what I can hear anyway.

Somehow it makes sense that it would be in a comfortable speaking range.
Edited: 2010-05-03, 5:42 pm
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#39
I would suggest never starting it will be a waste of your time because when on the 4th straight day that chinese construction crews wake you up at 7 am with house shaking drilling right outside of your apartment, you will already know the 2 most useful words you can say to them, they start Fuc and end with an You. Bastards ruined my golden week holiday.
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#40
Well, hopefully you feel better now that you got that out of your system. Rolleyes
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#41
Wow do some people really not have vocal ranges larger than an octave? That's crazy!
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#42
Kewickviper Wrote:Wow do some people really not have vocal ranges larger than an octave? That's crazy!
Again, there's a difference between people's speaking voice and their singing voice. However, that does remind me of an interview I saw with Henry Mancini about when he wrote "Moon River." He knew Audrey Hepburn would be singing it, and he didn't get a chance to meet with her to find out her range. So he had to go on what he had heard in her other movies, which was a range of about a sixth, and so he had to write more or less within that sixth.
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#43
bflatnine Wrote:
lagwagon555 Wrote:All that's holding me back is pronunciation (certainly seems a heck of alot harder than Japanese, and without a teacher I don't really know how I'll fare)
The FSI Pronunciation and Romanization module, while dry as hell, is still the best thing I've ever seen for pronunciation. You'll need P&R tapes 1-6 and the Resource Module (PDF). Drill these few lessons for about a week or so, and you'll have good pronunciation.
Out of curiosity - does it make sense to go through the further lessons as well if starting Chinese now, or is it better to only do the P&R module and switch to more "modern" materials? Thanks.
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#44
efeilliaid Wrote:
bflatnine Wrote:The FSI Pronunciation and Romanization module, while dry as hell, is still the best thing I've ever seen for pronunciation. You'll need P&R tapes 1-6 and the Resource Module (PDF). Drill these few lessons for about a week or so, and you'll have good pronunciation.
Out of curiosity - does it make sense to go through the further lessons as well if starting Chinese now, or is it better to only do the P&R module and switch to more "modern" materials? Thanks.
The other lessons are fine, but they're pretty boring and dry, and tend to teach things you don't really need at such a low level, such as "I work at the military attache's office." This is because of who the course was designed for – military personnel and diplomats. I'd recommend using something else. The New Practical Chinese Reader books with the recordings are quite good, and you can find vocab lists online to make into flashcards.
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#45
bflatnine Wrote:
efeilliaid Wrote:
bflatnine Wrote:The FSI Pronunciation and Romanization module, while dry as hell, is still the best thing I've ever seen for pronunciation. You'll need P&R tapes 1-6 and the Resource Module (PDF). Drill these few lessons for about a week or so, and you'll have good pronunciation.
Out of curiosity - does it make sense to go through the further lessons as well if starting Chinese now, or is it better to only do the P&R module and switch to more "modern" materials? Thanks.
The other lessons are fine, but they're pretty boring and dry, and tend to teach things you don't really need at such a low level, such as "I work at the military attache's office." This is because of who the course was designed for – military personnel and diplomats. I'd recommend using something else. The New Practical Chinese Reader books with the recordings are quite good, and you can find vocab lists online to make into flashcards.
Thanks a lot, I don't work at the military attache's office ;-)
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#46
For tones, there's a free pinyin chart, with audio, that you can download from Chinese Pod. It looks good to me, I mean, I'm using it! (That was the only thing I used from that site).
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#47
mizunooto Wrote:For tones, there's a free pinyin chart, with audio, that you can download from Chinese Pod. It looks good to me, I mean, I'm using it! (That was the only thing I used from that site).
That's a good start, but it won't quite get the job done. There are tone changes to worry about. Also, for pronunciation (not just tones), you really do need to learn the specific differences between zh/j and ch/q, and how to make some of the sounds (such as retroflex) that we don't have in English. The FSI Pronunciation Module tackles all of the above, and if you study the tapes and PDFs well, you'll be ready to pronounce pretty much anything you encounter.
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#48
Thanks for the info, I will look into it.
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#49
I color my hanzi for each tone. It helps with the memorization.
When I see a hanzi written in a color different than what I associate it with it's really easy to notice. It's not as confusing as one may think.

I'm pretty sure there is a book written about this.
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#50
Hi nest0r,
I've read the mentioned post, but it's all very cryptic to me (although/or because (?) I'm native french).
I'm looking for an Anki deck with Chinesepod audio material.
Is this allready available, or I should build per hand?
thanks!
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