Je suis américaine mais je connais seulement la grammaire française. L'imparfait & le passé composé, c'est quoi en la langue japonaise? La forme dictionnaire pour la langue japonaise est comme le passé composé? Si non, c'est-ce quoi?

For those of you that speak French, I don't understand English grammar as I only learned it when I learned French. I don't understand the perfective aspect vs the past as I'm not sure what the perfective tense is in English. Dictionary form looks like le passé composé to me.

pucelle Wrote:Je suis américaine mais je connais seulement la grammaire française. L'imparfait & le passé composé, c'est quoi en la langue japonaise? La forme dictionnaire pour la langue japonaise est comme le passé composé? Si non, c'est-ce quoi?

For those of you that speak French, I don't understand English grammar as I only learned it when I learned French. I don't understand the perfective aspect vs the past as I'm not sure what the perfective tense is in English. Dictionary form looks like le passé composé to me.

There aren't any perfect analogies.

But the imparfait in French is similar to the -te ita form in Japanese.

Je lisais un livre; 本を読んでいた; I was reading a book.

The passé composé is similar to the plain past (-ta form) in Japanese.

Il a lu un livre; 彼は本を読んだ; he read a book.

The dictionary form in Japanese is used for two things: it's equivalent to the infinitive form in French, but it's also used for the present tense, when it comes to habitual actions.

So, おどる is the dictionary form that means "to dance." But in French, you can use the present form to say both "He dances every Tuesday" and "he is dancing right now"; in Japanese, you can say 彼は火曜日におどります (he dances on Tuesday) but you need to use the present progressive (the -te iru form, "is ~-ing" in English) to say "he is dancing right now." (彼は今おどっている).

I hope this hasn't been more confusing than helpful; grammar concepts don't always translate one-to-one when it comes to languages, especially languages that aren't closely related to each other.

je ne suis pas certain si je comprends bien votre problème mais en ce qui me concerne,

la forme dictionnaire(la forme neutre): 現在形（-う/る）
le passé composé: 過去形 （‐た）
le passé imparfait:過去進行形　（‐ていた）

voici par examplar le verbe manger:
現在形（食べる）
過去形 （食べた）
過去進行形　（食べていた）

tiantian Wrote:je ne suis pas certain si je comprends bien votre problème mais en ce qui me concerne,

voici par examplar le verbe manger:
現在形（食べる） --> manger et je mange?
過去形 （食べた） --> j'ai mangé?
過去進行形　（食べていた）--> je mangeais?

Je ne compris pas la grammaire en englais et je n'ai pas un livre français-japonais.

現在形（-う/る） --> c'est comme l'infinitif?

le passé imparfait:過去進行形　（‐ていた） --> expliquez svp, ce n'est pas la meme chose que l'imparfait?

Fillanzea Wrote:The dictionary form in Japanese is used for two things: it's equivalent to the infinitive form in French, but it's also used for the present tense, when it comes to habitual actions.

in Japanese, you can say 彼は火曜日におどります (he dances on Tuesday) but you need to use the present progressive (the -te iru form, "is ~-ing" in English) to say "he is dancing right now." (彼は今おどっている).

踊る --> danser:l'infinitif
彼は火曜日に踊ります --> il danse tous les mardis: pas existe en français
彼は今踊っている --> il danse maintenant: le présent?

pucelle Wrote:

Fillanzea Wrote:The dictionary form in Japanese is used for two things: it's equivalent to the infinitive form in French, but it's also used for the present tense, when it comes to habitual actions.

in Japanese, you can say 彼は火曜日におどります (he dances on Tuesday) but you need to use the present progressive (the -te iru form, "is ~-ing" in English) to say "he is dancing right now." (彼は今おどっている).

踊る --> danser:l'infinitif
彼は火曜日に踊ります --> il danse tous les mardis: pas existe en français
彼は今踊っている --> il danse maintenant: le présent?

Pardon, j'ai ecrit sans y penser.

踊る est l'infinitif, mais aussi le présent; on peut dire, 彼は火曜日に踊る, avec la meme sens que 彼は火曜日に踊ります. (La seconde est plus poli.)

C'est just que le japonais et l'anglais ont deux types de présent, et le francais en a seulement une.

Not to be ridiculously off-topic, but:

I don't speak a word of French. Okay well maybe about a hundred useless words I picked up traveling around West Africa.

I have never studied French.

I know nothing about French.

I have been living in Japan for two years. I have been studying Japanese for six hours a day for months. I am conversational in the language.

Browsing this thread, I can more quickly and easily discern the French at a glance than I can the Japanese. Of course if I sit down and really look at it the Japanese has more meaning, but God-damn, what a ridiculous difference it is from Western languages.

Fillanzea Wrote:踊る est l'infinitif, mais aussi le présent; on peut dire, 彼は火曜日に踊る, avec la meme sens que 彼は火曜日に踊ります. (La seconde est plus poli.)

そーなんだ, ok I see

pucelle Wrote:le passé imparfait:過去進行形 （‐ていた） --> expliquez svp, ce n'est pas la meme chose que l'imparfait?

Je ne suis pas sûr mais je pense que tous les deux, la forme -ていた et l'imparfait, présentent le procès passé comme étant en cours de déroulement. Par example

Hier, à 3 heures, il pleuvait.
昨日3時には雨が降っていた

J'ai trouvé quelque chose ici.
http://www.france-jp.net/01cours/04bunpo/20.html

afterglowefx Wrote:Not to be ridiculously off-topic, but:

I don't speak a word of French. Okay well maybe about a hundred useless words I picked up traveling around West Africa.

I have never studied French.

I know nothing about French.

I have been living in Japan for two years. I have been studying Japanese for six hours a day for months. I am conversational in the language.

Browsing this thread, I can more quickly and easily discern the French at a glance than I can the Japanese. Of course if I sit down and really look at it the Japanese has more meaning, but God-damn, what a ridiculous difference it is from Western languages.

Replace "French" with "Japanese" and "Japanese" with "German", and with some minor changes here and there, you would be telling my story.

[RawToast]

pucelle Wrote:Je suis américaine mais je connais seulement la grammaire française. L'imparfait & le passé composé, c'est quoi en la langue japonaise? La forme dictionnaire pour la langue japonaise est comme le passé composé? Si non, c'est-ce quoi?

For those of you that speak French, I don't understand English grammar as I only learned it when I learned French. I don't understand the perfective aspect vs the past as I'm not sure what the perfective tense is in English. Dictionary form looks like le passé composé to me.

I'll tell you a silly but opposite story. I don't fully understand English grammar, despite being English, because my school decided we didn't need to be taught anything outside of what a verb, adjective, and noun was. Instead our only real introduction to grammatical terms came through French, Spanish, or German.

tiantian Wrote:

pucelle Wrote:le passé imparfait:過去進行形 （‐ていた） --> expliquez svp, ce n'est pas la meme chose que l'imparfait?

Je ne suis pas sûr mais je pense que tous les deux, la forme -ていた et l'imparfait, présentent le procès passé comme étant en cours de déroulement. Par example

Hier, à 3 heures, il pleuvait.
昨日3時には雨が降っていた

J'ai trouvé quelque chose ici.
http://www.france-jp.net/01cours/04bunpo/20.html

Mille mercis!