Killua, Xanpakuto, you guys are friggin awesome*- go for it. If you are very harsh with your reviews- grading as hard/fail if the term doesn't come to you within a few seconds, it can potentially make your reviews skyrocket... but your overall review time will probably dwindle do to the rapid fire grading.

100 words a day you say. Hmm, why not. I need a change of pace with things anyway. Can I shoot you both an email?


*pardon the language, it's hard to suppress this Australian English dialect sometimes.

Be my guest, uisukii. Though I'm probably the one who has the most to learn between us.

Sure that sounds good. I like learning just lots of vocab instead of splitting it with grammar. After I learn 100 a day I just go straight to practicing my listening which is very fun ^^

Is there a spreadsheet for this 10k w/ audio and images and also zipped groups for the audio and images? Seems like a good resource for people that might want to incorporate it in more than just Anki.

description at ankiweb.net/shared/info/702754122 Wrote:This deck has been rebuild to use core-6000.txt, which is based on iKnowIt deck, which is an updated version of deck from last.fm that "Core 2k/6k Optimized i + 1" uses.

core-6000.txt was not based on any Anki deck, but on the TSV file posted in the Printable core 2000 vocabulary list thread. Most of the work was done by Savii, who figured out how to extract the JSON files from iKnow's website, added furigana, and edited some of the translations. Apart from adding the last six columns, I only made a few changes, which I listed in the thread linked above. Even if you include the columns I added, you should rather mention that thread as the source.

So pitch accent is the only thing still missing from the last version?

P.S.
What about the entries that were removed in the transition from smart.fm to iKnow?
I think it makes sense to keep them in the 6k-10k range, don't you?
Also, did you check that range for duplicates again, after regenerating from core-6000.txt?

Sorry for being such a nitpicker.

killua Wrote:So pitch accent is the only thing still missing from the last version?

Yes, the pitch accent is the only thing missing. I just added it to the deck. I'm going to upload the new version shorty. I was only about the get it for about 95% of all cards. That should be enough.

killua Wrote:P.S.
What about the entries that were removed in the transition from smart.fm to iKnow?
I think it makes sense to keep them in the 6k-10k range, don't you?

5800 cards where the same (sentence + word). 150 cards had the same word, but different sentence. 50 cards were removed simply because they were marked as duplicates in last.fm deck. I can generate the list of 200 cards that don't have 1-1 match if you want. You can then look them up and see if there are any worth keeping.

killua Wrote:Also, did you check that range for duplicates again, after regenerating from core-6000.txt?
Sorry for being such a nitpicker.

I remade the 10k deck again to make sure that there are no duplicates in 6k-10k range.

EDIT:

Version 7 is up. https://ankiweb.net/shared/info/702754122
Do you have any suggestions as to what else I can improve?
This version contains everything that I planned to do so far.

I'm going to work now on getting better images for 2k-10k cards.

Version 8 is up. I regenerated all pictures for cards in range 2k-10k. This version contains all changes that I planned so far.

What do you think about the current deck? Is there any way that I could further improve it?

CoreIndex 8490
CoreIndex10k 8213
TargetKanji 一円
KanaReading いちえん　【一円】
Expression 関東 一円 に 雪 が 降った
Meaning throughout the region
Reading 関東[かんとう]一 円[えん]に 雪[ゆき]が 降[ふ]った
SentenceMeaning It snowed all over Kanto.
SentenceNoKana 関東 [ ] に 雪 が 降った
Vocabulary-PitchAccent 0 2

First off this deck looks great! I'm doing tae kim and a custom deck right now. I plan on jumping in to core in the next couple of weeks. I understand pitch accent, what it is and all. However, in the example above how exactly do you read/interpret that pitch accent 0 2?

ryanjmack Wrote:CoreIndex 8490
CoreIndex10k 8213
TargetKanji 一円
KanaReading いちえん　【一円】
Expression 関東 一円 に 雪 が 降った
Meaning throughout the region
Reading 関東[かんとう]一 円[えん]に 雪[ゆき]が 降[ふ]った
SentenceMeaning It snowed all over Kanto.
SentenceNoKana 関東 [ ] に 雪 が 降った
Vocabulary-PitchAccent 0 2

First off this deck looks great! I'm doing tae kim and a custom deck right now. I plan on jumping in to core in the next couple of weeks. I understand pitch accent, what it is and all. However, in the example above how exactly do you read/interpret that pitch accent 0 2?

Accents are taken from http://www.weblio.jp/content/%E4%B8%80%E5%86%86
There should be an explanation somewhere on this webpage.

My understanding is that accent may depend on the meaning of the word like for 結果
http://www.weblio.jp/content/%E7%B5%90%E6%9E%9C

けっか ―くわ 【結果】
（名）スル

(1) 0 ある行為・原因などから最終の状態を導き出すこと。また、その状態。連体修飾語を受けて副詞的にも用いる。
⇔原因
「投票の―、否決された」「試験の―を発表する」「往々にして激烈な腹膜炎を―する危険が/或る女（武郎）」
(2) 1 実がなること。結実。
Fortunately that rarely happens. I had to use my script to find this example.
We get accent 0 in the first case and accent 1 in the second case. At the very least that's how I understand it, I could be wrong.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_pitch_accent

So, I think that it means either accent 0 or accent 2.

There is a short array on Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_pitch_accent
that contains Japanese pitch accent.

The accent system of Tokyo dialect
accented syllable one-syllable word two-syllable word three-syllable word
0
(no accent) /ki/ (気 mind?) /kaze/ (風 wind?) /yameru/ (止める to stop?)
1 /kiꜜ/ (木 tree?) /haꜜru/ (春 spring?) /iꜜnoci/ (命 life?)
2 — /kawaꜜ/ (川 river?) /tamaꜜgo/ (卵 egg?)
3 — /kotobaꜜ/ (言葉 word?)

For example 卵 would have pitch accent 2 0 (http://www.weblio.jp/content/%E5%8D%B5) meaning that accent 2 is the one most commonly used in Tokyo region, but accent 0 is also acceptable. I confirmed that values from this table match what's on weblio.

So, I think that accent 0 is the most common one for word 一円.

EDIT:
You can also check Japanese pitch accent on:
http://www.excite.co.jp/dictionary/engli...=%E6%A9%8B
http://www.excite.co.jp/dictionary/engli...=%E7%AE%B8
You can see that there is a difference between 箸(1)、橋(2,3). I read somewhere that accents mean:
accent 0 -> high low low low ...
accent 1 -> low high low low ...
accent 2 -> low high high low ...
accent 3 -> low high high high low ...

Although I'm still a bit confused how word 橋 can have accent 2 (according to weblio) or 3 (according to excite.co.jp). I would like to find a good explanation, and then include it in the desc description. However, I was unable to find a good one so far.

pmnox Wrote:I think that accent 0 is the most common one for word 一円.

You're right, I checked the audio and いちえん has no pitch to it.

Thanks though, that cleared up some of my questions.

It seems like all words (besides accent 0) end in a declining pitch. I find that somewhat interesting.

pmnox Wrote:EDIT:
You can also check Japanese pitch accent on:
http://www.excite.co.jp/dictionary/engli...=%E6%A9%8B
http://www.excite.co.jp/dictionary/engli...=%E7%AE%B8
You can see that there is a difference between 箸(1)、橋(2,3). I read somewhere that accents mean:
accent 0 -> high low low low ...
accent 1 -> low high low low ...
accent 2 -> low high high low ...
accent 3 -> low high high high low ...

Although I'm still a bit confused how word 橋 can have accent 2 (according to weblio) or 3 (according to excite.co.jp). I would like to find a good explanation, and then include it in the desc description. However, I was unable to find a good one so far.

Hm, now I'm becoming a little unsure again.. haha. Hopefully I'll fully understand it once I start using the deck. I will be coming back to these posts when I start to decipher it.

ryanjmack Wrote:

pmnox Wrote:EDIT:
You can also check Japanese pitch accent on:
http://www.excite.co.jp/dictionary/engli...=%E6%A9%8B
http://www.excite.co.jp/dictionary/engli...=%E7%AE%B8
You can see that there is a difference between 箸(1)、橋(2,3). I read somewhere that accents mean:
accent 0 -> high low low low ...
accent 1 -> low high low low ...
accent 2 -> low high high low ...
accent 3 -> low high high high low ...

Although I'm still a bit confused how word 橋 can have accent 2 (according to weblio) or 3 (according to excite.co.jp). I would like to find a good explanation, and then include it in the desc description. However, I was unable to find a good one so far.

Hm, now I'm becoming a little unsure again.. haha. Hopefully I'll fully understand it once I start using the deck. I will be coming back to these posts when I start to decipher it.

Oh, I think that I understand now.

This is part of an array from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_pitch_accent
I think that you are right. The number indicated where the accent is.
0 -> edge /hasi/[hàɕí] 端
1 -> chopsticks /haꜜsi/[háɕì] 箸
2 -> bridge /hasiꜜ/[hàɕí] 橋

This also matches data from weblio.

"In isolation, the words hashi /hasiꜜ/ "bridge" and hashi /hasi/ "edge" are pronounced identically, starting low and rising to a high pitch. However, the difference becomes clear in context. With the simple addition of the particle ni "at", for example, /hasiꜜni/ "at the bridge" acquires a marked drop in pitch, while /hasini/ "at the edge" does not. However, because the downstep occurs after the first mora of the accented syllable, a word with a final long accented syllable would contrast all three patterns even in isolation: an accentless word nihon, for example, would be pronounced [nìhōɴ̄], differently than either of the words above.
"

pmnox Wrote:Although I'm still a bit confused how word 橋 can have accent 2 (according to weblio) or 3 (according to excite.co.jp). I would like to find a good explanation, and then include it in the desc description. However, I was unable to find a good one so far.

A good explanation of pitch accent by a former Koohii member:
http://learnlangs.com/japanesepitch/index.php/Main_Page

He also has a youtube video that hits the most important points on that page. The key to your mystery is that post-position particles are included in the pitch accent of the word.

(Edit: Oh, I guess you've been figuring out yourself. Still recommending the page though. )

SomeCallMeChris Wrote:

pmnox Wrote:Although I'm still a bit confused how word 橋 can have accent 2 (according to weblio) or 3 (according to excite.co.jp). I would like to find a good explanation, and then include it in the desc description. However, I was unable to find a good one so far.

A good explanation of pitch accent by a former Koohii member:
http://learnlangs.com/japanesepitch/index.php/Main_Page

He also has a youtube video that hits the most important points on that page. The key to your mystery is that post-position particles are included in the pitch accent of the word.

(Edit: Oh, I guess you've been figuring out yourself. Still recommending the page though. )

Thanks. I added some links to description of the deck.

Quote:I can generate the list of 200 cards that don't have 1-1 match if you want. You can then look them up and see if there are any worth keeping.

Oh, I'd love it, thank you!

By the way, the deck is absolutely amazing.
I personally prefer recognition for vocabulary, but modifying the cards is trivial so it's not a problem!

[RawToast]

pmnox Wrote:Version 8 is up.
What do you think about the current deck? Is there any way that I could further improve it?

It's excellent, loving the inclusion of the old optimised indexes. I'll have to upgrade my old optimised deck to this format

killua Wrote:

Quote:I can generate the list of 200 cards that don't have 1-1 match if you want. You can then look them up and see if there are any worth keeping.

Oh, I'd love it, thank you!

By the way, the deck is absolutely amazing.
I personally prefer recognition for vocabulary, but modifying the cards is trivial so it's not a problem!

Here is the list https://www.dropbox.com/s/3rkv1s8dhps8byz/diff.txt


I follow the same format as in the Core 2k_6k Optimized Japanese Vocabulary.txt deck. However, I added the first column, which indicates the line number.

RawToast Wrote:

pmnox Wrote:Version 8 is up.
What do you think about the current deck? Is there any way that I could further improve it?

It's excellent, loving the inclusion of the old optimised indexes. I'll have to upgrade my old optimised deck to this format

I'm glad that you like my new deck. xD

EDIT:
Version 10 is ready. I added both Production and Recognition cards.

Hey pmnox,

I downloaded your deck this morning, but I'm having some trouble with it. When I click on the deck it won't allow me to do anything and does this:

An error occurred. It may have been caused by a harmless bug,
or your deck may have a problem.
To confirm it's not a problem with your deck, please run Tools > Check Database.
If that doesn't fix the problem, please copy the following
into a bug report:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range


So then I clicked on Tools>Check Database and it deleted all the cards in the core 10k deck! Am I doing something fundamentally wrong? Is anyone else having this problem?
Thanks for the help!

ryanjmack Wrote:Hey pmnox,

I downloaded your deck this morning, but I'm having some trouble with it. When I click on the deck it won't allow me to do anything and does this:

An error occurred. It may have been caused by a harmless bug,
or your deck may have a problem.
To confirm it's not a problem with your deck, please run Tools > Check Database.
If that doesn't fix the problem, please copy the following
into a bug report:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 78, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 89, in data
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/aqt.browser", line 214, in columnData
File "C:\cygwin\home\dae\win\build\pyi.win32\anki\outPYZ1.pyz/anki.cards", line 157, in template
IndexError: list index out of range


So then I clicked on Tools>Check Database and it deleted all the cards in the core 10k deck! Am I doing something fundamentally wrong? Is anyone else having this problem?
Thanks for the help!

I clicked on the "Check Database" button and re-uploaded the current version. Could you try again?

EDIT:
I found the issue. I'm going to upload a fixed version shortly.

Fixed version is up.

Just finished downloading the deck, pmnox. It's pretty impressive, pretty damn impressive. Sorry if I missed it somewhere in within the thread, but is there currently pitch accentuation in this deck? Haven't really had a look at the guts of your work yet.

Yes, it's there. It's available for 95% of all words. For the remaining 5% there is either no definition in dictionary. For words like for 一番 there are multiple pitch accents depending on the context: http://www.weblio.jp/content/%E4%B8%80%E7%95%AA. There are some words that used to be written in kanji, but right now are written with hiragana, for those my algorithm can't determine which word is the correct one so you will be given multiple possible pitch accents separated by semi-column.

Check the column: Vocabulary-PitchAccent

Btw, what do you think about Tanuki-Ultima deck?
http://forum.koohii.com/showthread.php?tid=7423&page=1

Maybe I should check how many new words it contains.

EDIT: It contains about 3000 words that are not in core2k/6k/10k