Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - Printable Version

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - Printable Version

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Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - usis35 - 2009-12-01

I added to my anki deck group 1 and group 2.
When I have time, I will re-write these sentences using kanji.

http://www.timwerx.net/language/sp_adverbs.htm

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - esgrove - 2009-12-01

Wow, thanks! I've always wondered about these kinds of words or what to call them. For me they're incredibly difficult to remember because there's no kanji to hook onto and they all seem the same.

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - Ben_Nielson - 2009-12-01

Agreed esgrove... having no kanji to hook onto really makes them hard to remember.

These three drive me insane.
そっくり
すっかり
すっきり

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - blurp76 - 2009-12-01

They've been driving me nuts since day 1 of studying japanese.
Never thought there were so many!
I think i'll never remember them Sad

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - kazelee - 2009-12-01

http://smart.fm/goals/50501

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - sethg - 2009-12-01

blurp76 Wrote:I think i'll never remember them

Don't just try to remember them individually. Remember them as part of a set phrase/sentence and you'll get them in no time! Smile

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - mezbup - 2009-12-01

Never actually realised this was a type of word! I've just been learning them as they come along. Despite not having kanji I don't think they're too hard but I guess that's because I've been seeing them come up in context through watching dorama so it's much easier to get the meaning of the word.

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - Aijin - 2009-12-01

I am pretty sure I remember there being a more official term for these... but I have no idea what it was since it's been so many years! Or maybe I am misremembering...but I am pretty sure I learned this in school...

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - magamo - 2009-12-02

Some of them are 擬態語 (a special kind of onomatopoeia), and some are classified as something between 擬態語 and a normal vocabulary. I don't know if there is a specific technical term for them.

I learned Japanese as a native speaker, so my opinion may not count. But they were one of the easiest word class to learn because they're often used in a situation where the speaker intones them emotionally and the context is quite clear. Since they're basically onomatopoeia, they're useful when you want to make your writing lively. I like them and often use those bikkuri adverbs in informal writing.

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - sethg - 2009-12-02

Here's group 1:

Group 1

がっかり: to be disappointed

* シャンは試験を全てからがっかりしている.(Sean is disappointed because he failed the exam.)

ぐっすり: to sleep soundly

* 昨夜ぐっすり寝ました。(I slept great last night.)

しっかり: strong, firm, solid

* しっかりしして下さい。(Get a hold of yourself. / Snap out of it. / Don't die.) (This is always said to dying people in movies and dramas.)
* しっかりした箱ある？(Do you have a sturdy box?)

そっくり: just alike; identical (or close to it)

* 彼女はみちこにそっくり。(She looks just like Michiko.)

はっきり: clear; plain; distinct

* 言いたいことをはっきり言いなさい。(Clearly say what you want to say.)
* 彼ははっきり断った。(He distinctly refused.)

びっくり: to be surprised

* 真夜中電話が鳴ったので、仏季里した。(I was surprised because the phone rang in the middle of the night.)

ぴったり: tightly; fit perfectly; exactly

* この帽子はぴったり合う。(This hat fits perfectly.)

やっぱり (slang form of やはり, and not an adverb): as expected; of course

* やっぱり、くみこは遅れてきた。(As usual, Kumiko came late.)

ゆっくり: slowly; taking one's time

* どうぞ、ゆっくりして下さい(Please relax and make yourself at home.)
* もっとゆっくり話して下さい(Please speak more slowly.)

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - sethg - 2009-12-02

Aaaaand, here's group 2. If anybody sees errors in anything, lemme know and I'll change it.

Group 2

あっさり: simple, light, frank; light (food)

* おじいさんはあっさりした食べ物が好き。(Grandpa likes light, simple food.)
* 彼女の正確はあっさりしている。(She has a frank personality.)

うっかり: carelessly, absent-mindedly; by mistake

* すみません、うっかりして辞書を忘れた。(I'm sorry. I carelessly forgot my dictionary.)
* 彼女はうっかりして間違った電車に乗りました。(She took the wrong train by mistake.)

ぎっしり: tight, full, close

* 今日の電車はぎっしりですね。(The train is packed today, isn't it?)

きっちり: punctually, sharp

* きっちり7時です。(It's now seven o'clock sharp)
* その時計はいつもきっちりですよ。(That clock is always right on.)
* 彼はきっちり10時に来た。(He arrived at ten exactly.)

こっそり: secretly, quietly

* あの二人が毎晩こっそり会っている。(Those two meet secretly every night.)
* 彼は授業中こっそり雑誌を見ていた。(He was hiding a magazine and looking at it during class.)

さっぱり: neat, clean, orderly; frank, open; refreshed; entirely, completely (usually with negatives)

* さっぱりした人が好き。(I like frank, uncomplicated people.)
* お風呂に入ってさっぱりした。(I took a bath and now feel refreshed.)
* 田中さんの言う事はさっぱり分からない。(I can't understand a word Mr. Tanaka says.)

しゃっくり: (noun) hiccup (hiccough)

すっかり: completely, all

* ああ、すっかり忘れた！(Oh, no! I completely forgot about it!)
* 彼女はすっかり変わってしまいましたよ。(I tell you, she has completely changed.)

すっきり: neat, clear, refreshed

* さちこの部屋はすっきりしている。(Sachiko's room is neat and tidy.)
* 彼の言う言葉にはいつもすっきりしないところがある。(There's always something unclear in everything he says.)

たっぷり: full; plenty of...

* 食べ物がたっぷりあるよ。(There is plenty to eat.)
* 時間たっぷりある。(We have lots of time.)

ばったり: suddenly; with a thud; to run into someone unexpectedly

* 公園で鈴木さんにばったり会った。(I ran into Mrs. Suzuki in the park.)
* 彼はばったり倒れた。(He suddenly fell over.)

びっしょり: get wet, soaked

* 傘を忘れたので、びっしょり濡れた。(We forgot our umbrellas, so we got soaking wet.)

ゆったり: easy; comfortable; relaxed

* これは本当にゆったりした部屋です。(This really is a comfortable room.)

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - magamo - 2009-12-02

Quote:* シャンは試験を全てからがっかりしている.(Sean is disappointed because he failed the exam.)

Sean is ショーン in katakana. Also, the person who wrote it probably meant "ショーンは試験にすべったからがっかりしている." If I were to say the same thing, I'd say ショーンは試験に落ちてがっかりしている。(or してる in spoken language).

Quote:* 昨夜ぐっすり寝ました。(I slept great last night.)

This isn't wrong, but usually you say 昨日はぐっすり寝ました。I'm guessing the person who wrote it simply translated the sentence word for word. I think 昨日は is more common in this kind of sentence than 昨夜. My gut tells me their frequency in this kind of context is:

(more frequent) 昨日は > 昨夜は >= 昨日 = 昨夜 (rarer).

Quote:* しっかりしして下さい。(Get a hold of yourself. / Snap out of it. / Don't die.) (This is always said to dying people in movies and dramas.)

It should read しっかりして下さい (しし -> し). Also, this can be used in various situations. You can use it, for example, when someone is quite unreliable/indecisive/whatever and you're kind of annoyed by his lack of leadership.

Quote:* 言いたいことをはっきり言いなさい。(Clearly say what you want to say.)

This kind of makes sense, but you'd say 言いたいことははっきり言いなさい。in most situations. If this isn't a command, e.g., 彼は言いたいことをはっきり言う人だ, it makes perfect sense. In general, 言いたいことははっきり言う人 implies that the person is usually humble, modest, shy, quiet or something along those lines but doesn't hesitate to express his opinion when it's necessary. 言いたいことをはっきり言う人 might be pompous and annoying.

Quote:* 真夜中電話が鳴ったので、仏季里した。

I think it should read 真夜中に電話が鳴ったので、びっくりした。(真夜中 -> 真夜中に and 仏季里 -> びっくり). Grammatically speaking, に isn't necessary, but I don't know why the author picked up the に-less version. It's far less common and sounds as if it's a line in a novel. If I were the author, I'd rewrite it as 真夜中なのに電話がかかってきてびっくりした。

Quote:* 彼女の正確はあっさりしている。(She has a frank personality.)

正確 should read 性格.

Also, "frank" is slightly different from あっさり. It's difficult to explain the あっさり personality, but it's more like "laid-back" or "kind of indifferent to things people care about/are interested in." あっさりした people won't nag you. If you dump an あっさりした girl, she might not feel depressed too much. If you're too あっさり, you're indifferent, apathetic, or maybe cruel to others.

Quote:* すみません、うっかりして辞書を忘れた。(I'm sorry. I carelessly forgot my dictionary.)

Some native speakers might say うっかりして is slightly odd in this sentence structure. I think うっかり忘れる is more common. The original wording is not wrong though. Maybe this is a regional difference.

Anyway, it's not that big of a deal. The real problem in the sentence is the combination of すみません and うっかりして辞書を忘れた. They don't go well together. It should read something like:

ごめん、うっかり辞書を忘れた。(casual, informal) or
すみません、うっかり辞書を忘れてしまいました。(neutral or a bit polite).

Quote:* 彼女はうっかりして間違った電車に乗りました。(She took the wrong train by mistake.)

彼女はうっかり電車を乗り間違えました is more idiomatic. The original sentence sounds like translation from a foreign language.

Quote:* その時計はいつもきっちりですよ。(That clock is always right on.)

This is slightly off. You don't use きっちり in this sense. その時計はいつも正確ですよ。is better.

Quote:* ああ、すっかり忘れた！(Oh, no! I completely forgot about it!)

When you realize you totally missed/forgot to do something important, you say ああ、すっかり忘れてた！

Quote:* 時間たっぷりある。(We have lots of time.)

This isn't wrong, but it should be part of a longer sentence such as 今日は時間たっぷりあるんだ〜♪ or requires certain context. If it's a stand-alone example sentence, 時間はたっぷりある would be better and close to the dry English sentence.

Quote:* これは本当にゆったりした部屋です。(This really is a comfortable room.)

Um, grammatically correct. But something is wrong... You could say this in a certain situation. But you might sound like a dishonest guy trying too hard to rent out/sublet an uncomfortable room or something. Well, you might say the English translation is also kind of like that though... Anyway, I think the unnecessary これは is the culprit.

Maybe I missed a few errors and/or unnatural but grammatically correct examples.

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - QuackingShoe - 2009-12-02

These words drove me crazy when I first started learning, or probably more specifically when I first started getting into actually watching anime and manga a lot. There were so many all at once that were so similar I felt like I had to go refresh my memory on what they meant every time I saw them.

But it stopped being a problem a long time ago. There are really only so many ones that pop up with any frequency, and like magamo said, they have the advantage of being used in pretty illustrative situations.

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - Nukemarine - 2009-12-02

Sethg, thanks for the word list. I'm thinking of activating those that exist in Core 6k tonight. Oddly enough, when I first came across びっしょり while doing subs2srs for ラストーフレンズ, I thought it had to do with pretty women at first.

Out of interest, will there ever be a need to know the kanji variant of any of these that happen to exist? I'm assuming no.

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - magamo - 2009-12-02

Nukemarine Wrote:Out of interest, will there ever be a need to know the kanji variant of any of these that happen to exist? I'm assuming no.

I'd say no, though it's a matter of preference. I know some of them can be written in kanji, e.g., やっぱり (矢っ張り) and しゃっくり (I have to copy&paste it from somewhere on the internet.). But they're very rare. I don't know if there are variants/alternative kanji for these or all the other words on the list have kanji. I think at least a few more have legitimate kanji versions, but I can't write them without a dictionary or IME. I don't know if I can read the other ones if they're in kanji either.

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - usis35 - 2009-12-02

Thanks sethg for the list, and magamo for your incredible comments!
I am also posting these comments in the "notes" field in my anki deck. It works like a dictionary for me.

Japanese Bikkuri Adverbs - redcap - 2011-02-28

Group 3, enjoy, let me know if you spot any mistakes. BTW are there any lists for gitaigo/giongo that don't end in ri?
EDIT: lol, it's all on smart.fm.

うっとり: entranced, fascinated

* みなは彼女のすばらしい演奏にうっとりしました。(Everyone was entranced by her wonderful performance.)

おっとり: gentle, quiet, calm

* ボブはおっとりしています。 (Bob is an easy-going guy.)

かっきり: prompt, sharp; exactly (same as きっちり)

* この自転車はかっかり三万円でした。(This bicycle cost exactly 30,000 yen.)
* 私の飛行機は５時かっきりに到着しました。(My plane arrived right at five o'clock.)

がっくり: collapse; break down

* 試験の結果で賢治はがっくり来た。(Kenji collapsed in shock after finding out about the exam results.)

がっしり: stout, strong, solid (same as しっかり)

* この古い椅子はとてもがっしり出来ています。(This old chair is very sturdy.)

がっちり: firmly, securely (usually used in connection with being tightfisted in money matters)

* 一郎おじさんは財布をがっちり握っている。(Uncle Ichirou is tight with his money.)

きっかり: exactly, punctually (same as かっかり)

* ８時にきっかりに出ましょう。(Let's leave right at eight o'clock.)

きっぱり: definitely, positively; (refuse) flatly

* ボブの提案はきっぱり断られた。(Bob's suggestion was flatly refused.)
* 彼女はきっぱりと返事をしました。(She gave a definite answer.)

くっきり: distinctly, clearly

* 今日は富士山がくっきりと見える。(Today Mt. Fuji stands out clearly.)

ぐったり: be dead tired

* もうぐったりだ。(I'm dead tired.)
* 彼はぐったりとベッドに倒れた。(He collapsed exhausted onto his bed.)

こっくり: nod; doze (こっくり is usually doubled when used. It conveys the motion of "nodding off.")

* あの学生は授業中こっくりこっくりしていた。(That student was dozing off during class.)

ごっそり: all, entirely

* 宝石店に泥棒が入り、宝石をごっそり盗んでいた。(A thief broke into a jewelry store and stole everything.)

こってり: thick, heavy, rich (opposite of あっさり)

* バターを作った料理はこってりしている。(Food made with butter is rich.)

ざっくり: thick and rough

* 彼はざっくりした服が好き。(He likes roughly made clothes.)

しっくり: exactly (usually used negatively)

* 僕たちはしっくりしない。(We don't get along well.)

じっくり: closely; without hurry

* 辞書を使って、じっくり調べるのが大切。(Using your dictionary and studying carefully without hurry is important.)

しっとり: gentle, graceful; moist, damp

* 私たちはしっとりした雰囲気で話した。 (We spoke together in a quiet way.)
* 芝生は雨でしっとりぬれている。 (The lawn is wet from the rain.)

すっぱり: flatly; once and for all

* 彼はタバコをすっぱりやめた。(He quit smoking completely.)

すっぽり: cover one's head completely

* 君子はすっぽり頭巾をかぶっていた。(Kimiko covered her head completely with a hood.)

ちゃっかり: nervy, cheeky

* 彼女にはちゃっかりしたところがある。(There is something shrewd and cheeky about her.)

ちょっぴり: a little bit (slang for ちょっと)

* おばあちゃんは飴をちょっぴりくれた。(Grandma gave me just a little candy.)

てっきり: surely, beyond doubt

* てっきりボブは一緒に行くと思った。Tekkiri Bob wa issho ni iku to omotta. (I was certain that Bob would go with us.)

でっぷり: portly, plump

* それはでっぷり太った猫ですね。 (That's a fat cat, isn't it?)

どっしり: composed; dignified

* 彼はいつもどっしりしている。(He is always composed.)

にっこり: smile at; beam at

* 彼女はにっこりして挨拶しました。(She greeted us with a smile.)

ねっとり: sticky; clammy

* 彼の手はねっとりして気もち悪かった。(His hands were clammy and felt gross.)

のっそり: heavily; sluggishly

* ジョンはのっそり起き上がった。(John got up sluggishly.)

ぱったり: abruptly, suddenly

* 彼は彼女のぱったり付き会わなくなった。(He suddenly stopped seeing her.)

ぱっちり: having bright eyes or eyes wide open

* 由美子は目をパッチリ開けた。(Yumiko opened her eyes wide.)

ひっそり: quiet, silent

* 町は暗くてひっそりしていた。(The town was dark and quiet.)

ひょっこり: by chance (like ばったり); unexpectedly

* 昨日買い物しながらひょっこり長尾さんに会った。(Yesterday I ran into Mr. Nagao while shopping.)
* 健二はひょっこり僕の家に来た。(Kenji came to my place unexpectedly.)

ぷっつり: entirely; utterly

* 彼女からの連絡はぷっつりなくなった。(All communication from her totally ended.)

べったり: sticky; thick

* あの二人はいつもべったりしている。(Those two are always together.)

べっとり: soaked; covered with

* 彼のシャツはべっとりペンキが付いていた。(His shirt was covered with paint.)

ぽっきり: only; no more than

* 私は５００円ぽっきりしか持っていない。(I've only got 500 yen with me.)

ぽっくり: to die suddenly

* 彼はぽっくりしに増した。(He died suddenly.)

ほっそり: slim; slender

* 彼女はほっそりしていますね。(She's slim, isn't she?)

ぽってり: plump; chubby (opposite of ほっそり, same as でっぷり)

* ぽってりした犬ですね。(That's a chubby dog, isn't it?)

みっしり: hard, earnestly, severely

* 先生は学生に英語をみっしり教えた。(The teacher earnestly taught the students English.)

みっちり: hard, earnestly, severely (same as みっしり above)

むっくり: get up suddenly (opposite of のっそり)

* 猫がむっくり起き上がった。(The cat got up suddenly.)

むっちり: portly, plump (same as でっぷり and ぽってり)

むっつり: glum; sulky

* 彼は彼女の言葉を聞いたら、むっつり黙ってしまった。(After listening to her, he became moody and silent).

めっきり: considerably; remarkably

* 最近めっきり寒くなった。It has recently become quite cold.)